What do you think of the culture of the Alliance military?

What about it?

Technically that's correct but you're missing the point. They will never found the identities of the Spectres or their missions, because they never exist, and no one knows who they are, or what they look like. Unless they have a mole to leak information, that is.

^^^^^^
I have to agree because...Saren. And Shepard. And Kaidan/Ashley (who had a public ceremony to denote their becoming the second human Spectre). What more is there to say? As you say, real world rules don't apply. All we've seen is that Spectres are largely above the law and get at away with nearly anything.

Problem is you keep being vague about who will spy on them.  And part of the requirement to be a Specter seems to be the ability to fight on a whole different level then standard soilders. Given our first example was Nihlis literally dropping solo into an active war zone of Geth attacking Eden Prime and was only killed when he was betrayed by a trusted ally.

I really am not because you are not working in anything but generic statements. You are at best applying cold war era tactics to super advance space future. If STG wanted to get dirt on who was who in the Alliance they wouldn't require a photo or a name. They would hack the Alliance data base and extract all the information they could get or want. Monitor all Alliance communications to narrow down and track deployments and movements. Use the omnipresence of technology to track people, places and things while using that same tech to cover their digital foot print to avoid anyone from knowing they were there.

Thanks for the update, Captain Obvious.

The CIA, MI-6, and Mossad can do the same thing. So what's your point?

I agree. In the Mass Effect universe, SPECTREs are in fact Special Covert operation law enforcement agents. In the story random people shouldn't know who Shepard is and what types of missions he did as a SPECTRE.  SPECTRE after all, is short for "Special Tactics, and "RECONNAISSANCE". It seemed like every thug in Mass Effect 2 knew who he/her was which would make it impossible for him/her to properly do his/her job. There was a particular part in the  Mass Effect novel Revelations that mentioned SPECTRES. In one part, then at the time LT Anderson ask the Alliance ambassador what to do if a SPECTRE gets involved in the mission he was about to conduct, the ambassador said that about the time he would know a SPECTRE was involved in the case, he would probably already be dead, suggesting they didn't know the identities of most of the agents.

If their identities are made public that means they can monitor their operations.

Definitely true.  After all, Saren hid plenty when it came to his mission with Anderson.

Not if he's a spy who can travel by himself and cover his tracks.